describes a broadcast used as the source of a spoken text. [ ] provides technical details of the equipment and media used for an audio or video recording used as the source for a spoken text. [ ] marks any phenomenon or occurrence, not necessarily vocalized or communicative, for example incidental noises or other events affecting communication. [] marks any communicative phenomenon, not necessarily vocalized, for example a gesture, frown, etc. [] indicates whether or not the phenomenon is repeated. marks a pause either between or within utterances. [] (recording event) provides details of an audio or video recording event used as the source of a spoken text, either directly or from a public broadcast. [ ] the kind of recording. audio audio recording video audio and video recording (recording statement) describes a set of recordings used as the basis for transcription of a spoken text. [ ] (script statement) contains a citation giving details of the script used for a spoken text. [ ] marks the point at which some paralinguistic feature of a series of utterances by any one speaker changes. [] The @new attribute should always be supplied; use the special value "normal" to indicate that the feature concerned ceases to be remarkable at this point. a paralinguistic feature. tempo speed of utterance. loud loudness. pitch pitch range. tension tension or stress pattern. rhythm rhythmic qualities. voice voice quality. specifies the new state of the paralinguistic feature specified. (utterance) contains a stretch of speech usually preceded and followed by silence or by a change of speaker. [] (transition) indicates the nature of the transition between this utterance and the previous one. smooth this utterance begins without unusual pause or rapidity. latching this utterance begins with a markedly shorter pause than normal. overlap this utterance begins before the previous one has finished. pause this utterance begins after a noticeable pause. marks any vocalized but not necessarily lexical phenomenon, for example voiced pauses, non-lexical backchannels, etc. [] indicates whether or not the phenomenon is repeated. contains a passage of written text revealed to participants in the course of a spoken text. [] indicates whether the writing is revealed all at once or gradually.