certainty

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C Elements

<certainty>

<certainty> indicates the degree of certainty or uncertainty associated with some aspect of the text markup. 21.1.2 Structured Indications of Uncertainty

Modul certainty — 21 Certainty and Responsibility

Attribute

target

points at the elements whose markup is uncertain.

Zustand	Obligatorisch
Datentyp	1–∞ occurrences of <rng:ref name="data.pointer"/> data.pointer separated by whitespace
Werte	a series of one or more identifiers (URIs), separated by whitespace
Elizabeth went to <persName xml:id="ESX">Essex</persName> <certainty target="#ESX" locus="gi" degree="0.6"/>
Anmerkung	If more than one identifier is given, the <certainty> element is interpreted as applying to all. If no identifier is present on the element being annotated, the attribute should give the identifier of a <ptr> element which points at the element being annotated; for further discussion of this indirect pointing mechanism, see chapter 16 Linking, Segmentation, and Alignment.

locus

indicates the precise location of the uncertainty in the markup: applicability of the element, precise position of the start- or end-tag, value of a specific attribute, etc.

Zustand	Obligatorisch
Datentyp	<rng:ref name="data.enumerated"/> data.enumerated
Empfohlene Werte sind:	gi (element name) uncertain whether the element used actually applies to the passage. startLoc (start location) start-tag may not be correctly located. endLoc (end location) end-tag may not be correctly located. location both the start-tag and the end-tag may not be correctly located. attrName (attribute name) the value given for the attribute name is uncertain. transcribedContent the content of the element may not be a correct transcription of the source text. suppliedContent the content of the element may not have been correctly supplied by the reader, e.g. as in the cases of corr and abbrev elements.
Anmerkung	If the name of an attribute is supplied, it must be prefixed by `att.`.

assertedValue

provides an alternative value for the aspect of the markup in question—an alternative generic identifier, transcription, or attribute value, or the identifier of an <anchor> element (to indicate an alternative starting or ending location). If an assertedValue is given, the confidence level specified by degree applies to the alternative markup specified by assertedValue; if none is given, it applies to the markup in the text.

Zustand	Empfohlen
Datentyp	<rng:choice> <rng:ref name="data.pointer"/> <rng:ref name="data.name"/> <rng:ref name="data.word"/> </rng:choice> data.pointer \| data.name \| data.word
Werte	generic identifier, attribute value, location (e.g. indicated by a reference to an <anchor> element or to an <ptr> element), or other appropriate alternative value.
<certainty target="#ESX" locus="gi" assertedValue="place" degree="0.2"/>
Anmerkung	This attribute makes it possible to indicate the degree of confidence in a specific alternative to some aspect of the markup. In the example above the encoder is expressing the likelihood (.2) that the generic identifier should be <place> rather than <persName>, which is the coded element.

given

indicates conditions assumed in the assignment of a degree of confidence.

Zustand	Empfohlen
Datentyp	1–∞ occurrences of <rng:ref name="data.pointer"/> data.pointer separated by whitespace
Werte	a pointer to a characterization of the conditions which are assumed in the assignment of a degree of confidence.
Anmerkung	A project may wish to control the vocabulary used in this attribute. The envisioned typical value of this attribute would be the identifier of another <certainty> element or a list of such identifiers. It may thus be possible to construct probability networks by chaining <certainty> elements together. Such networks would ultimately be grounded in unconditional <certainty> elements (with no value for given). The semantics of this chaining would be understood in this way: if a <certainty> element is specified, via a reference, as the assumption, then it is not the attribution of uncertainty that is the assumption, but rather the assertion itself. For instance, in the example above, the first <certainty> element indicates that the confidence in the identification of the new scribe as msm. The second indicates the degree of confidence that Essex is a personal name, given that the new scribe is msm. Note that the given in the second <certainty> element is not the assertion that the likelihood that msm is the new scribe is 0.6, but simply the assertion that msm is the new scribe; this is a recommended convention to facilitate building networks. The ambitious encoder may wish to attempt complex networks or probability assertions, experimenting with references to other elements or prose assertions, and deploying feature structure connectives such as <alt>, <join>, and <note>. However, we do not believe that the <certainty> element gives, at this time, a comprehensive ambiguity-free system for indicating certainty.

degree

indicates the degree of confidence assigned to the aspect of the markup named by the locus attribute.

Zustand	Optional
Datentyp	<rng:ref name="data.probability"/> data.probability

Verwendet von model.global.meta

Kann enthalten

core: desc gloss

tagdocs: altIdent equiv

Deklaration


<rng:element name="certainty">
<rng:ref name="att.global.attributes"/>
<rng:attribute name="target">
 <rng:list>
  <rng:oneOrMore>
   <rng:ref name="data.pointer"/>
  </rng:oneOrMore>
 </rng:list>
</rng:attribute>
<rng:attribute name="locus">
 <rng:choice>
  <rng:value>gi</rng:value>
  <rng:value>startLoc</rng:value>
  <rng:value>endLoc</rng:value>
  <rng:value>location</rng:value>
  <rng:value>attrName</rng:value>
  <rng:value>transcribedContent</rng:value>
  <rng:value>suppliedContent</rng:value>
  <rng:data type="Name"/>
 </rng:choice>
</rng:attribute>
<rng:optional>
 <rng:attribute name="assertedValue">
  <rng:choice>
   <rng:ref name="data.pointer"/>
   <rng:ref name="data.name"/>
   <rng:ref name="data.word"/>
  </rng:choice>
 </rng:attribute>
</rng:optional>
<rng:optional>
 <rng:attribute name="given">
  <rng:list>
   <rng:oneOrMore>
    <rng:ref name="data.pointer"/>
   </rng:oneOrMore>
  </rng:list>
 </rng:attribute>
</rng:optional>
<rng:optional>
 <rng:attribute name="degree">
  <rng:ref name="data.probability"/>
 </rng:attribute>
</rng:optional>
<rng:zeroOrMore>
 <rng:ref name="model.glossLike"/>
</rng:zeroOrMore>
</rng:element>

element certainty
{
   att.global.attributes,
   attribute target { list { data.pointer+ } },
   attribute locus
   {
      "gi"
    | "startLoc"
    | "endLoc"
    | "location"
    | "attrName"
    | "transcribedContent"
    | "suppliedContent"
    | xsd:Name
   },
   attribute assertedValue { data.pointer | data.name | data.word }?,
   attribute given { list { data.pointer+ } }?,
   attribute degree { data.probability }?,
   model.glossLike*
}

Beispiel

(For discussion of this example, see section 21.1.2 Structured Indications of Uncertainty)

Earnest went to <anchor xml:id="A1"/> old
<persName xml:id="SYB">Saybrook</persName>.

<certainty
  xml:id="c1"
  target="#SYB"
  locus="gi"
  degree="0.6"/>
<certainty
  target="#SYB"
  locus="startLoc"
  given="#c1"
  degree="0.9"/>
<certainty
  xml:id="C-c2"
  target="#SYB"
  locus="gi"
  assertedValue="persName"
  degree="0.4"/>
<certainty
  target="#SYB"
  locus="startLoc"
  given="#C-c2"
  degree="0.5"/>
<certainty
  target="#SYB"
  locus="startLoc"
  assertedValue="#a1"
  given="#c1"
  degree="0.5"/>

P5: Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange

<certainty>