shift

<shift>

<shift> marks the point at which some paralinguistic feature of a series of utterances by any one speaker changes. 8.3.6 Shifts

Module

spoken — 8 Transcriptions of Speech

Attributes

[att.ascribed ]

feature

a paralinguistic feature.

Status

Optional

Legal values are:

tempo	speed of utterance.
loud	loudness.
pitch	pitch range.
tension	tension or stress pattern.
rhythm	rhythmic qualities.
voice	voice quality.

new

specifies the new state of the paralinguistic feature specified.

Status	Optional
Datatype	<rng:ref name="data.enumerated"/> data.enumerated
Values	An open list (for an example of possible values, see 8.4.2 Synchronization and Overlap)
Note	If no value is specified, it is assumed that the feature concerned ceases to be remarkable. The value ‘normal’ has the same effect.

Declaration

<rng:element name="shift">
 <rng:ref name="att.global.attributes"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.ascribed.attributes"/>
 <rng:optional>
  <rng:attribute name="feature">
   <rng:choice>
    <rng:value>tempo</rng:value>
    <rng:value>loud</rng:value>
    <rng:value>pitch</rng:value>
    <rng:value>tension</rng:value>
    <rng:value>rhythm</rng:value>
    <rng:value>voice</rng:value>
   </rng:choice>
  </rng:attribute>
 </rng:optional>
 <rng:optional>
  <rng:attribute name="new" defaultValue="normal">
   <rng:ref name="data.enumerated"/>
  </rng:attribute>
 </rng:optional>
 <rng:empty/>
</rng:element>

element shift
{
   att.global.attributes,
   att.ascribed.attributes,
   attribute feature
   {
      "tempo" | "loud" | "pitch" | "tension" | "rhythm" | "voice"
   }?,
   attribute new { data.enumerated }?,
   empty
}

Example

<shift feature="loud" new="f"/>Elizabeth

Yes

<shift feature="loud"/>Come and try this
<pause/>
<shift feature="loud" new="ff"/>come on


<listPerson type="speakers">
<person xml:id="LB"/>
<person xml:id="EB"/>
</listPerson>

The word ‘Elizabeth’ is spoken loudly, the words ‘Yes’ and ‘Come and try this’ with normal volume, and the words ‘come on’ very loudly.

Contained by

model.global.spoken

May contain

Empty element

P5: Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange

<shift>